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SQLite Order By

SQLite 的 ORDER BY 子句是用来基于一个或多个列按升序或降序顺序排列数据。

语法

ORDER BY 子句的基本语法如下:

SELECT column-list 
FROM table_name 
[WHERE condition] 
[ORDER BY column1, column2, .. columnN] [ASC | DESC];
  • ASC 默认值,从小到大,升序排列
  • DESC 从大到小,降序排列

您可以在 ORDER BY 子句中使用多个列,确保您使用的排序列在列清单中:

SELECT
   select_list
FROM
   table
ORDER BY
    column_1 ASC,
    column_2 DESC;

column_1 与 column_2 如果后面不指定排序规则,默认为 ASC 升序,以上语句按 column_1 升序,column_2 降序读取,等价如下语句:

SELECT
   select_list
FROM
   table
ORDER BY
    column_1,
    column_2 DESC;

实例

假设 COMPANY 表有以下记录:

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0

下面是一个实例,它会将结果按 SALARY 升序排序:

sqlite> SELECT * FROM COMPANY ORDER BY SALARY ASC;

这将产生以下结果:

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0

下面是一个实例,它会将结果按 NAME 和 SALARY 升序排序:

sqlite> SELECT * FROM COMPANY ORDER BY NAME, SALARY ASC;

这将产生以下结果:

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0

下面是一个实例,它会将结果按 NAME 降序排序:

sqlite> SELECT * FROM COMPANY ORDER BY NAME DESC;

这将产生以下结果:

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0

关于 order by 后面有多个 column 时的排序问题:

select * from company order by salary,name desc;

id          name        age         address     salary 
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0   
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0   
3           Scy         30          Beijng      20000.0  
1           Paul        32          Califonia   20000.0 
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0  
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0 
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0  
  •  上面的排序优先按照salary降序排列
  •  排序中有两个salary值相同的 id分别是3和1
  •  然后这两条记录再按照name字段降序排列

总结:

有多个排序字段时,优先按照前面的排序,如果前面的排序中有值相同的,后面的字段才起作用,在这些值相同的记录中,按照后续字段排序!