Java 异常处理

try
{
   // 程序代码
}catch(ExceptionName e1)
{
   //Catch 块
}

// 文件名 : ExcepTest.java
import java.io.*;
public class ExcepTest{
 
   public static void main(String args[]){
      try{
         int a[] = new int[2];
         System.out.println("Access element three :" + a[3]);
      }catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){
         System.out.println("Exception thrown  :" + e);
      }
      System.out.println("Out of the block");
   }
}

Exception thrown  :java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 3
Out of the block

try{
   // 程序代码
}catch(异常类型1 异常的变量名1){
  // 程序代码
}catch(异常类型2 异常的变量名2){
  // 程序代码
}catch(异常类型3 异常的变量名3){
  // 程序代码
}

try {
    file = new FileInputStream(fileName);
    x = (byte) file.read();
} catch(FileNotFoundException f) { // Not valid!
    f.printStackTrace();
    return -1;
} catch(IOException i) {
    i.printStackTrace();
    return -1;
}

import java.io.*;
public class className
{
  public void deposit(double amount) throws RemoteException
  {
    // Method implementation
    throw new RemoteException();
  }
  //Remainder of class definition
}

import java.io.*;
public class className
{
   public void withdraw(double amount) throws RemoteException,
                              InsufficientFundsException
   {
       // Method implementation
   }
   //Remainder of class definition
}

try{
  // 程序代码
}catch(异常类型1 异常的变量名1){
  // 程序代码
}catch(异常类型2 异常的变量名2){
  // 程序代码
}finally{
  // 程序代码
}

public class ExcepTest{
  public static void main(String args[]){
    int a[] = new int[2];
    try{
       System.out.println("Access element three :" + a[3]);
    }catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){
       System.out.println("Exception thrown  :" + e);
    }
    finally{
       a[0] = 6;
       System.out.println("First element value: " +a[0]);
       System.out.println("The finally statement is executed");
    }
  }
}

Exception thrown  :java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 3
First element value: 6
The finally statement is executed

try (resource declaration) {
  // 使用的资源
} catch (ExceptionType e1) {
  // 异常块
}

import java.io.*;

public class RunoopsTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String line;
        try(BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"))) {
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println("Line =>"+line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("IOException in try block =>" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

IOException in try block =>test.txt (No such file or directory)

import java.io.*;

class RunoopsTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String line;

        try {
            System.out.println("Entering try block");
            br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"));
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("Line =>"+line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("IOException in try block =>" + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            System.out.println("Entering finally block");
            try {
                if (br != null) {
                    br.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("IOException in finally block =>"+e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
}

Entering try block
IOException in try block =>test.txt (No such file or directory)
Entering finally block

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
class RunoopsTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new File("testRead.txt")); 
            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new File("testWrite.txt"))) {
            while (scanner.hasNext()) {
                writer.print(scanner.nextLine());
            }
        }
    }
}

class MyException extends Exception{
}

// 文件名InsufficientFundsException.java
import java.io.*;
 
//自定义异常类，继承Exception类
public class InsufficientFundsException extends Exception
{
  //此处的amount用来储存当出现异常（取出钱多于余额时）所缺乏的钱
  private double amount;
  public InsufficientFundsException(double amount)
  {
    this.amount = amount;
  } 
  public double getAmount()
  {
    return amount;
  }
}

// 文件名称 CheckingAccount.java
import java.io.*;
 
//此类模拟银行账户
public class CheckingAccount
{
  //balance为余额，number为卡号
   private double balance;
   private int number;
   public CheckingAccount(int number)
   {
      this.number = number;
   }
  //方法：存钱
   public void deposit(double amount)
   {
      balance += amount;
   }
  //方法：取钱
   public void withdraw(double amount) throws
                              InsufficientFundsException
   {
      if(amount 

//文件名称 BankDemo.java
public class BankDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      CheckingAccount c = new CheckingAccount(101);
      System.out.println("Depositing $500...");
      c.deposit(500.00);
      try
      {
         System.out.println("nWithdrawing $100...");
         c.withdraw(100.00);
         System.out.println("nWithdrawing $600...");
         c.withdraw(600.00);
      }catch(InsufficientFundsException e)
      {
         System.out.println("Sorry, but you are short $"
                                  + e.getAmount());
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
}

Depositing $500...

Withdrawing $100...

Withdrawing $600...
Sorry, but you are short $200.0
InsufficientFundsException
        at CheckingAccount.withdraw(CheckingAccount.java:25)
        at BankDemo.main(BankDemo.java:13)