本章将讲解字体图标(Glyphicons),并通过一些实例了解它的使用。Bootstrap 捆绑了 200 多种字体格式的字形。首先让我们先来理解一下什么是字体图标。
什么是字体图标?
字体图标是在 Web 项目中使用的图标字体。虽然,Glyphicons Halflings 需要商业许可,但是您可以通过基于项目的 Bootstrap 来免费使用这些图标。
为了表示对图标作者的感谢,希望您在使用时加上 GLYPHICONS 网站的链接。
获取字体图标
我们已经在 环境安装 章节下载了 Bootstrap 3.x 版本,并理解了它的目录结构。在 fonts 文件夹内可以找到字体图标,它包含了下列这些文件:
- glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
- glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
- glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
- glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
相关的 CSS 规则写在 dist 文件夹内的 css 文件夹内的 bootstrap.css 和 bootstrap-min.css 文件上。
字体图标列表
CSS 规则解释
下面的 CSS 规则构成 glyphicon class。
@font-face {
font-family: 'Glyphicons Halflings';
src: url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot');
src: url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff') format('woff'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf') format('truetype'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg#glyphicons_halflingsregular') format('svg');
}
.glyphicon {
position: relative;
top: 1px;
display: inline-block;
font-family: 'Glyphicons Halflings';
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
font-style: normal;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}
所以 font-face 规则实际上是在找到 glyphicons 地方声明 font-family 和位置。
.glyphicon class 声明一个从顶部偏移 1px 的相对位置,呈现为 inline-block,声明字体,规定 font-style 和 font-weight 为 normal,设置行高为 1。除此之外,使用 -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased 和 -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; 获得跨浏览器的一致性。
然后,这里的
.glyphicon:empty {
width: 1em;
}
是空的 glyphicon。
这里有 200 个 class,每个 class 针对一个图标。这些 class 的常见格式如下:
.glyphicon-keyword:before {
content: "hexvalue";
}
比如,使用的 user 图标,它的 class 如下:
.glyphicon-user:before {
content: "\e008";
}
用法
如需使用图标,只需要简单地使用下面的代码即可。请在图标和文本之间保留适当的空间。
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span>
下面的实例演示了如何使用字体图标:
<p>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes"></span>
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes-alt"></span>
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order"></span>
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order-alt"></span>
</button>
</p>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-lg">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-sm">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
带有字体图标的导航栏
<div class="navbar navbar-fixed-top navbar-inverse" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Project name</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active">
<a href="#">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-home">Home</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#shop">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-shopping-cart">Shop</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#support">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-headphones">Support</span></a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- /.nav-collapse -->
</div>
<!-- /.container -->
</div>
<!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 插件需要引入) -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>
<!-- 包含了所有编译插件 -->
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
定制字体图标
我们已经看到如何使用字体图标,接下来我们看看如何定制字体图标。
我们将以上面的实例开始,并通过改变字体尺寸、颜色和应用文本阴影来进行定制图标。
下面是开始的代码:
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
定制字体尺寸
通过增加或减少图标的字体尺寸,您可以让图标看起来更大或更小。
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" style="font-size: 60px">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
定制字体颜色
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" style="color: rgb(212, 106, 64);">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
应用文本阴影
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" style="text-shadow: black 5px 3px 3px;">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> User
</button>
在线定制字体图标
图标列表
图标 | 类名 | 实例 |
---|---|---|
glyphicon glyphicon-asterisk | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-plus | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-minus | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-euro | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-cloud | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-envelope | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-pencil | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-glass | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-music | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-search | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-heart | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-star | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-star-empty | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-user | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-film | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-th-large | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-th | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-th-list | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-ok | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-remove | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-zoom-in | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-zoom-out | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-off | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-signal | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-cog | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-trash | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-home | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-file | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-time | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-road | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-download-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-download | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-upload | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-inbox | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-play-circle | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-repeat | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-refresh | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-list-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-lock | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-flag | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-headphones | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-volume-off | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-volume-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-volume-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-qrcode | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-barcode | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tag | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tags | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-book | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-bookmark | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-print | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-camera | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-font | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-bold | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-italic | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-text-height | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-text-width | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-align-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-align-center | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-align-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-align-justify | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-list | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-indent-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-indent-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-facetime-video | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-picture | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-map-marker | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-adjust | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tint | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-edit | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-share | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-check | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-move | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-step-backward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-fast-backward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-backward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-play | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-pause | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-stop | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-forward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-fast-forward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-step-forward | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-eject | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-minus-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-remove-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-ok-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-info-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-screenshot | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-remove-circle | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-ok-circle | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-ban-circle | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-arrow-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-arrow-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-arrow-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-arrow-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-share-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-resize-full | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-resize-small | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-exclamation-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-gift | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-leaf | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-fire | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-eye-close | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-warning-sign | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-plane | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-calendar | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-random | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-comment | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-magnet | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-retweet | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-shopping-cart | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-folder-close | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-folder-open | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-resize-vertical | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-resize-horizontal | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hdd | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-bullhorn | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-bell | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-certificate | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-thumbs-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hand-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hand-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hand-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hand-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-right | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-left | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-globe | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-wrench | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tasks | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-filter | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-briefcase | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-fullscreen | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-dashboard | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-paperclip | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-heart-empty | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-link | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-phone | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-pushpin | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-usd | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-gbp | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-alphabet | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-alphabet-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-unchecked | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-expand | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-collapse-down | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-collapse-up | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-log-in | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-flash | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-log-out | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-new-window | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-record | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-save | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-open | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-saved | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-import | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-export | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-send | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-disk | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-saved | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-remove | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-save | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-floppy-open | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-credit-card | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-transfer | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-cutlery | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-header | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-compressed | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-earphone | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-phone-alt | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tower | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-stats | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sd-video | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-hd-video | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-subtitles | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sound-stereo | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sound-dolby | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sound-5-1 | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sound-6-1 | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-sound-7-1 | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-copyright-mark | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-registration-mark | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-cloud-download | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-cloud-upload | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tree-conifer | 试一试 | |
glyphicon glyphicon-tree-deciduous | 试一试 |